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The Asia Bond Monitor (ABM) is AsianBondOnline’s quarterly publication released every March, June, September, and November. The report reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. The ABM covers the 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations member countries and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Past Issues

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2022

Financial conditions in emerging East Asia weakened between 28 February and 9 June amid monetary tightening and heightened risks to economic outlook, according to the Asia Bond Monitor June 2022 issue. The region’s local currency bond market reached a size of USD23.5 trillion at the end of March, after bond issuance declined 6.5% quarter-on-quarter. Corporate bond issuance dropped 12.1% quarter-on-quarter on rising uncertainties. ASEAN+3’s sustainable bond markets continued solid expansion, reaching USD478.7 billion.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2022

Bond yields have risen in emerging East Asia since November 2021, driven by higher yields in advanced economies and continued inflationary pressure in many regional economies, according to the March 2022 issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Emerging East Asia’s local currency bond market expanded to USD22.8 trillion at the end of 2021, with record-high local currency bond issuance of USD9.0 trillion in 2021. Sustainable bonds outstanding in ASEAN+3 markets reached USD430.7 billion on surging new issuance of USD239.5 billion in 2021. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor also presents the results of the 2021 AsianbondsOnline Annual Bond Market Liquidity Survey.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2021

Global inflation concerns pushed bond yields up in emerging East Asia between 31 August and 5 November according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Local currency bonds outstanding rose to USD21.7 trillion at end-September 2021. ASEAN+3 sustainable bond market expanded to USD388.7 billion at the end of the third quarter, accounting for nearly 19.2% of the global sustainable bond market. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor features special boxes on emerging East Asia’s economic outlook, possibility of another taper tantrum, and risk outlook. A theme chapter on price differences between labeled and unlabeled green bonds is also presented.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2021

Financial conditions in emerging East Asia were broadly stable amid accommodative monetary policy stances despite some weakening signs. Local currency bond markets in the region expanded to USD21.1 trillion at the end of June on sustained issuance by governments. The ASEAN+3 sustainable bond market reached USD345.2 billion at the end of June, accounting for nearly 19% of the global sustainable bond market. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor featured special boxes on emerging East Asia’s economic outlook, market capacity, and central bank’s asset purchase programs, debt buildup, and social risk in developing Asia.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2021

Local currency bond markets in emerging East Asia expanded to USD20.3 trillion at the end of March, with divergent yield dynamics tracking market-specific factors. The ASEAN+3 sustainable bond market expanded to USD301.3 billion at the end of March, accounting for nearly 20% of the global sustainable bond market. The region is now the second largest regional market after Europe. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor features special boxes on green sukuk (Islamic bonds) markets and digital finance, as well as a theme chapter on governing sustainable finance.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2021

Positive investor sentiment over the global economic recovery pushed bonds yields in emerging East Asia between 31 December and 15 February according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. Local currency bonds outstanding rose to USD20.1 trillion at end-December 2020. The issue also includes a box comparing bond market developments in East Asia and Latin America as well as special sections on environmental, social and governance bonds in ASEAN+3, recent developments in social bonds, and the results of the AsianBondsOnline 2020 bond market liquidity survey.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2020

Emerging East Asia’s local currency bond market rose to USD18.7 trillion at the end of the third quarter of 2020, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Between 31 August and 6 November, investor sentiment improved amid economic recovery among major advanced economies in the third quarter. Bond yields fell at the shorter end for nearly all emerging East Asia bond markets due to an easy monetary policy environment while longer tenors were mixed. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor includes a special section on how green and social bonds can contribute to a sustainable economic recovery from the coronavirus pandemic.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2020

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond market rose to USD17.2 trillion at the end of the second quarter of 2020, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Between 15 June and 11 September, global investment sentiment and financial conditions improved. Bond yields fell for nearly all emerging East Asian bond markets due to monetary easing and slower economic growth. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor includes four special boxes on trends in regional bond markets, growth of digital payments and resilience of environmental, social, and governance investments.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2020

The size of emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets rose to USD16.3 trillion at the end of March, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. The report said that between 28 February and 29 May, yields at the shorter-end fell for nearly all emerging East Asian bond markets as central banks and governments acted to mitigate the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor includes a special section on how financial markets can help finance the fight against COVID-19.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2020

The size of emerging East Asia's local currency bond market rose to USD16 trillion at the end of December, higher by 2.4% quarter-on-quarter and 12.5% year-on-year, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that higher risk aversion due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and uncertainty in the global economic outlook led most local currency government bond yields to decline in most emerging East Asian markets between 31 December 2019 and 29 February 2020.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2019

The size of emerging East Asia’s local currency bond markets reached USD15.2 trillion at the end of September, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that the protracted trade dispute between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the United States and a sharper-than-expected economic slowdown in advanced economies and the PRC pose as the biggest downside risks to the region’s financial stability.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2019

Local currency government bond yields trended lower in nearly all markets in emerging East Asia between 1 June and 15 August amid weakening global growth outlook, easing monetary policy stances, and investor risk aversion, according to the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Despite downside risks to economic prospects and financial stability, the region’s local currency bond market expanded steadily to reach a size of USD15.3 trillion at the end of June.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2019

Local currency government bond yields fell in most markets in emerging East Asia between 1 March and 15 May, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. Bond yields declined amid a slowing world economy, global trade tensions, and other downside risks. The report also noted the region's bond market reached a size of USD15.0 trillion at the end of the first quarter of 2019.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2019

Local currency government bond yields in emerging East Asia trended downward between 28 December 2018 and 15 February 2019, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. Bond yields edged lower partly driven by expectations that the United States Federal Reserve will slow its pace of monetary tightening in 2019. The report also noted the size of emerging East Asia’s local currency bond market surpassed USD13 trillion at the end of December.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2018

Local currency government bond yields in most emerging East Asian markets rose between 31 August and 15 October on the back of continued interest rate hikes by the United States (US) Federal Reserve, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that emerging East Asia's local currency bond market expanded 4.3% quarter-on-quarter to reach a size of USD12.8 trillion at the end of September.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2018

Local currency bond yield movements in emerging East Asia diverged between 1 June and 15 August due to disparate monetary policies amid global economic uncertainties, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. The report notes that strong fundamentals will help shield the region's financial markets from the external headwinds.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2018

Local currency government bond yields edged up in most emerging East Asian markets between 1 March and 31 May due to continued US monetary policy tightening according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2018

Emerging East Asia’s local currency government bond yield curves steepened between 29 December 2017 and 15 February 2018, reflecting the region’s positive economic outlook and expectations of rising inflation, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that the region’s overall LCY bond market continued to grow to reach USD12.3 trillion at the end of December.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2017

Synchronized global growth underpinned higher bond yields in emerging East Asia between 1 September and 31 October, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that emerging East Asia’s overall LCY bond market continued to expand in size to reach USD11.6 trillion at the end of September.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2017

Improving global outlook has pushed up government bond yields in major advanced economies between 1 June and 15 August. Bond yields in most emerging East Asian markets have also risen, according to the latest Asia Bond Monitor. The report also noted that outstanding local currency bonds in emerging East Asia approached USD11 trillion at the end of June.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2017

Investor optimism over the global growth outlook pushed down local currency government bond yields in emerging East Asia between 1 March and 15 May, says the latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2017

Local currency government bond yields in emerging East Asian markets fell between the end of December and mid-February despite the risk of accelerated interest rate hikes in the United States, says the latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2016

Local currency government bond yields in emerging East Asia climbed for nearly all markets between 31 October and 18 November amid uncertainties on United States economic policy, says the latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2016

Local currency government bond yields in emerging East Asian markets declined between 1 June and 15 August amidst muted inflationary pressures and subdued global growth. Investor interest in the region's bond markets remains strong, says the latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2016

Emerging East Asian bond yields continued to fall amid a weak global economy and while the outlook for the region’s bond markets is generally benign, a number of risks are emerging, including US Federal Reserve rate hike, broad-based global economic slowdown which could amplify global financial instability, and deflation, says the Asian Development Bank's latest Asian Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2016

Yields of local currency bonds in most emerging East Asian markets declined in the first month and a half of 2016, amidst abundant liquidity and persistent concerns over global growth prospects, says the Asian Development Bank’s latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2015

Emerging East Asia’s bond markets have been stable but risks remains over lower bond market liquidity and slowing economic growth says the Asian Development Bank’s latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2015

Emerging East Asia’s bond markets came under pressure in the past quarter amidst concerns over softer growth, depreciating currencies, and US interest rates says the Asian Development Bank’s latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2015

Emerging East Asia’s bond markets were volatile due to rising global concerns over the unresolved Greek debt crisis and the possibility of an interest rate hike in the United States, says the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2015

Emerging East Asia’s local currency bond markets are broadly holding up well, but widening credit spreads, a stronger United States dollar, Greece’s debt crisis, and plunging oil prices pose risks to the region’s bond markets, says the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2014

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets are resilient but a faster-than-expected US interest rate hike and a stronger dollar could pose problems, says the Asian Development Bank's (ADB) latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2014

Emerging East Asia’s local currency bonds have performed well so far in 2014 but an earlier-than-anticipated US rate hike, a slowing property market in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and higher risk aversion and inflation due to Middle East tensions could undermine that, says the latest quarterly Asia Bond Monitor from the Asian Development Bank.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2014

Emerging East Asia’s local currency bond markets have regained their bounce as bond yields have fallen for most markets in recent months. However, bond markets could still be jolted by the ongoing tapering in US quantitative easing, the slowdown in economic growth in the People’s Republic of China, and moves by the European Central Bank to counter threat of deflation, says the latest quarterly Asia Bond Monitor from the Asian Development Bank.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2014

Asia's local currency bond markets have been relatively unaffected by the global financial turmoil, but they still face rising risks from market contagion, tighter liquidity conditions, and potential currency depreciation, says the latest quarterly Asian Bond Monitor from the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

The two reports document the achievement during Phase 2 of the AMBIF initiative. These reports provide insight and comprehensive information on the recent bond market development in the region.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2013

Emerging East Asia should use the window of opportunity opened by the delay in US policy normalization to strengthen their economies and financial systems, the latest quarterly Asia Bond Monitor from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) urges.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2013

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets are still expanding but risks to the outlook are rising given the prospects of tighter US monetary policy, slower economic growth in Asia, and persistent capital outflows, according to the latest quarterly Asia Bond Monitor from the Asian Development Bank (ADB).


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: June 2013

The continued growth of emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets reflects a more optimistic investor outlook and improved financial market indicators, said the Asian Development Bank's (ADB) latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2013

The rapid growth of emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets is raising the risk of asset price bubbles, said the Asian Development Bank's (ADB) latest Asia Bond Monitor.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2012

Local bond markets continue to expand, but risks, including spillovers from mature markets, loom large on the horizon, says the latest Asia Bond Monitor. Also read the ABO Annual Liquidity Survey.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2012

This edition assesses the impact of the Global Financial Crisis on emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets and also summarizes recent developments, risks and regulatory changes.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: April 2012

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with outlook, risks, and policy options.



Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2011

Demand for local bonds is still strong in face of rising risks and global weakness. The local currency bond markets in emerging East Asia grew by 5.5% y-o-y at the end of September to reach USD5.5 trillion, driven by strong growth in corporate bonds. Yield curves in most LCY government bond markets flattened and shifted downwards as market and policy focus moved to support growth. In the recent AsianBondsOnline Bond Market Liquidity Survey for 2011 current concerns about global financial stability contributed to a modest widening of bid-ask spreads from the levels of last year's survey.

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with outlook, risks, and policy options.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2011

The size of local currency bond markets in emerging East Asia continued to expand in the first half of this year, rising to USD5.5 trillion at the end of June, 2.4% higher in local currency terms than at the end of March, and 7.7% more than at the end of June 2010. The overall emerging East Asian market's growth was driven by corporate bonds, which grew by 4.4% quarter-on-quarter. The PRC's corporate bond market grew at a more rapid pace of 6.3% in the same period and is now the region's largest corporate bond market.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2011

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets expanded by 13.6% year-on-year (y-o-y) to USD5.2 trillion in 2010, driven by strong growth in corporate bonds that helped to offset a decline in issuance by central banks and some governments in the last quarter of 2010. Furthermore, this growth has come to be more broadly based. The region's local currency bond markets, excluding the People's Republic of China (PRC), expanded by 11.6% y-o-y in 2010. Meanwhile, total bonds outstanding in the PRC, the region's largest market, grew 15.1% y-o-y to reach USD3.1 trillion. Total corporate bonds outstanding grew by 20.3% to reach USD1.6 trillion in 2010.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2010

A rapid rise of corporate bond issuance in emerging East Asia has driven the region's local currency bond markets to grow to just over $5 trillion at the end of September. The corporate bond market of emerging East Asia grew by 23.8% year-on-year and 5.7% on a quarter-on-quarter basis to reach $1.6 trillion. Local currency government bonds in emerging East Asia totaled $3.550 trillion at the end of September, 14.6% higher year-on-year and 1.9% higher quarter-on-quarter. This slower growth came with many countries now paring their fiscal stimulus packages and with some central banks opting to slow sterilizing bond sales.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: October 2010

Local currency bond markets in emerging East Asia expanded by an annual 18.8% as of the end of June, with $4.8 trillion in paper outstanding. This large expansion was driven by 24.4% year-on-year growth in the corporate bond market, which has become an increasingly important source of funding for private sector investment. Strong offshore and onshore demand for emerging East Asia's local currency bonds has reduced the premiums paid on corporate debt over government benchmark bonds and contributed to a flattening in government bond yield curves.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: Summer Edition

Issue: April 2010

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets expanded 17.1% year-on-year (y-o-y) to USD4.6 trillion in 1Q10, with corporate bond markets expanding much faster than government markets. The main driver of regional bond market growth in 1Q10 was the rapid expansion of markets in Hong Kong, China; the People's Republic of China; Thailand; and Singapore. Further expansion is expected in the second half of this year as the region's economic recovery continues and companies increasingly tap local currency bond markets as an alternative funding source to bank financing.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2010

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets expanded 16.5% to $4.4 trillion in 2009, with corporate bond markets expanding much faster than government markets. The main driver of regional bond market growth last year was the rapid expansion of markets in Hong Kong, China; Thailand; and Indonesia. Further expansion is expected this year as the region's economic recovery continues and companies increasingly tap local currency bond markets as an alternative funding source to bank financing.


Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2009

Total bonds outstanding in emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets reached a new threshold of USD4.2 trillion at end-September 2009, says the latest issue of the Asia Bond Monitor. Balanced growth, especially in markets outside of the People's Republic of China, and strong corporate bond sector performance, were distinguishing features of the market's growth in 3Q09.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: September 2009

Growing corporate issuance along with government funding for economic stimulus packages drove growth in emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets in the first half of 2009, says the latest edition of the Asia Bond Monitor. Local bond markets have emerged as a key source of finance for companies in these volatile times, but they remain dominated by state-owned entities, infrastructure companies and banks.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: First Quarter Summary Summer Issue

Issue: April 2009

Emerging East Asia's local currency bond markets showed signs of stabilization in the first quarter of 2009 as governments implemented fiscal stimulus packages, corporates raised funds and banks issued more subordinated debt, says the Summer Edition of the Asian Bond Monitor.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: First Quarter Issue

Issue: March 2009

Local currency bond markets are set to expand this year with several governments likely to sell more debt to finance their economic stimulus packages. Companies are also expected to turn to local markets to refinance or raise fresh capital, says the latest issue of Asia Bond Monitor.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2008

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2008 (Cover and Highlights)

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: April 2008

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2007

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2007 (Cover and Highlights)

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: April 2007

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: April 2007 (Cover and Highlights)

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2006

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2006 (Cover and Highlights)

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2006

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: March 2006 (Cover and Highlights)

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2005

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: April 2005

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

Emerging East Asian Local Currency Bond Markets: A Regional Update

Issue: November 2004

This publication reviews recent developments in East Asian local currency bond markets along with the outlook, risks, and policy options. It covers the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; and the Republic of Korea.

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