The Ministry of Finance and the People’s Bank of China (PBC) are the primary issuers of government bonds. China's policy banks, commercial banks, and other financial institutions issue financial bonds. The China Development Bank, Export and Import Bank of China, and the Agricultural Development Bank are China’s policy banks.

Corporations such as China Mobile, Three Gorges, State Grid Corporation, and Shanghai Baosteel Group are some of the major domestic corporate bond issuers listed on both the Shanghai and Shengzhen stock exchanges.

Supranational banks such as the Asian Development Bank, International Finance Corporation and Japan Bank for International Cooperation are permitted to issue CNY-denominated bonds subject to strict compliance to government rules and regulation.